The U.S. Treasury Department is in discussions with leading cryptocurrency custody firms to determine the safest and most efficient means of management of the nation’s Bitcoin reserves.
The development follows President Donald Trump signing an executive order creating a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve.
Establishment of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve
On March 6, 2025, President Trump signed an executive order creating the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a U.S. Digital Asset Stockpile.
The order positions the United States as a global leader in government digital asset strategy with the goal of strengthening the nation’s financial sector innovation and competitiveness.
The reserve will primarily consist of Bitcoin assets seized by federal authorities in criminal and civil cases. Estimates suggest that the U.S. government currently holds approximately 200,000 Bitcoins, valued at over $17 billion at current market prices. This current stash is currently being held in the custody of Coinbase, following the U.S. Marshals Service partnership with the exchange in July 2024.
The executive order requires that these assets must be retained as long-term reserves and not to be sold, creating a “digital Fort Knox.” Federal agencies are also required to conduct regular audits of their cryptocurrency holdings and plan a means to further increase the reserve without direct taxpayer funding.
Treasury’s Engagement with Crypto Custody Firms
In response to the growing size of the Bitcoin reserves, the Treasury Department has opened discussions with major cryptocurrency custody providers to discuss best practices for storing and handling these digital assets.
Anchorage Digital, one of the largest and most established crypto custodians, has confirmed its involvement in these discussions. Nathan McCauley, CEO of Anchorage, stated that Treasury officials are seeking advice on security frameworks, risk management processes, and compliance with financial regulations.
The Treasury is considering whether to entrust these assets to third-party custodians or create internal infrastructure for managing these assets. This decision is important, as it will have implications for the overall market structure, particularly concerning the integration of stablecoins and other digital assets into the U.S. financial system—issues currently under review by Congress.
Market Implications
The establishment of a government-owned Bitcoin reserve represents a historic shift in how digital assets are seen and regulated. By including Bitcoin as part of its strategic reserves, the U.S. government is proof of increased confidence in the long-term value and use of cryptocurrencies.
Market analysts suggest that this development could potentially drive more institutional adoption of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. With improved regulatory clarity and government involvement, these are expected to increase investor confidence and market stability.
However, the executive order’s requirement that reserve expansion be budget-neutral—meaning no direct taxpayer funding for Bitcoin purchases—had its effects on the global market. Following the announcement, Bitcoin’s price fell below $78,000 as traders adjusted to the government’s conservative approach toward asset acquisition.
Besides, the Treasury’s discussions regarding custodial frameworks will likely set the stage for institutional custody solutions for cryptocurrency.